Essay on Jealousy in Othello - 1076 Words

Shakespeare’s Othello is a play consistently based on jealously and the way it can destroy lives. One is quick to think this jealously is based on Othello’s lack of belief in Desdemona’s faithfulness to him or his suspensions over Desdemona’s affair with Cassio, Othello’s honorable lieutenant. Upon closer inspection of the jealously that exists throughout the play it becomes clear that his jealously is not the sole start and reason for all of the destruction that occurs. Iago, a good friend of Othello, is not who he appears to be. Iago’s own jealously of those around him pushes him over the edge. He begins to deceive all those who believe he is a true, honorable, and faithful man. Throughout Othello, Iago incites his own jealously in†¦show more content†¦In other words, Cassio is a man who knows as much about war as an old woman does, unless it is what he has read in books. Therefore, Iago finds him hardly qualified for the jo b he has gained. Iago is also jealous toward Othello because it is rumored that he has slept with his wife Emilia. (Find Quote In Book) Iago now has a motive to make Othello think that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair to get revenge on Othello and achieve his goal. His hatred and jealously toward Othello and Cassio seem to turn Iago, himself into â€Å"the green-eyed monster† (III.iii.1203) that leads him down a path of destruction. Iago does not stop there, his jealously leads him to start infecting others and the first is Roderigo, a naà ¯ve gentleman in Venice. To put his scheme into motion, Iago informs Roderigo of Othello and Desdemona’s elopement, which causes Roderigo to become very upset because he too is in love with Desdemona and is willing to do anything to win her love. Iago plants the seed of jealousy in Roderigo’s mind because he knows he can now use Roderigo â€Å"for sport and profit† (I.iii.1180) by playing off his jealousy toward anyone who comes close to Desdemona. After breaking Roderigo down he then, builds him back up by telling him a way they can break up the marriage. Iago tells him: Call up her father. Rouse him. Make after him, Poison his delight, Proclaim him in the streets. Incense her kinsmen, And, though he in a fertile climate dwell,Show MoreRelatedOthello- Jealousy1814 Words   |  8 PagesJealousy, â€Å"the green-eyed monster† Shakespeare is consistent in his use of repeated themes throughout his works, particularly those of love, death, and betrayal. Shakespeare repeats these themes to set the mood through his works. It is important for Shakespeare to be consistent with his themes, or the plays would lose their meaning and mood. All of these themes are present in Othello, but the most dominant is the theme of jealousy, which presents itself multiple times throughout the play. We seeRead MoreTheme Of Jealousy In Othello1511 Words   |  7 PagesJealousy is not confined to Othello because there are multiple examples in the play that show other characters that portray characteristics of jealousy such as Iago and Roderigo. It is clear that jealousy is not confined to Othello as he is not the only character in the play that shows jealousy in different ways. In the play, ‘Othello’ written by William Shakespeare in 1603 and set in a Venetian society, even though Othello did kill his wife and himself Shakespeares jealousy overcame him mentallyRead MoreExample Of Jealousy In Othello1543 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s Othello has been known as one of the greatest tragedies throughout history. In Othello there have been main topics of issues surrounding Othello’s love for his wife Desdemona and the relationship between Othello and Iago, who is Othello’s ancient. There have been questions about whether or not Othello was a jealous person or if Iago made Othello believe that he had to be jealous about something. Questions have also arose when discussing Othello’s love for Desdemona because some peopleRead MoreTheme Of Jealousy In Othello1509 Words   |  7 PagesTh roughout the play jealousy is shown within almost every character, ago mostly causes everyone in the play to be jealous of someone by doing what he does best, manipulating everyone and getting them to do his dirty work. Jealousy plays a big role within the play, and influences almost every decision made by each character at some point in the play. Sadly, the decisions made due to the characters being jealous are mostly bad, the play mainly shows how jealousy affects Iago, Othello, and Roderigo. IagoRead MoreJealousy In Othello Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagesconnotes an action. William Shakespeare’s, Othello, incorporates both perspective and action, however, Shakespeare adds an additional element: temporality. In Othello, Shakespeare personifies jealousy through the character Iago to argue that our perspectives may be temporary, but our actions are permanent. Jealousy is not incorporeal in Othello. While most assume jealousy is an emotion that people feel internally, within the confines of this play, jealousy is animated, and thus external. How doesRead MoreEssay on Othello; Jealousy1702 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s Othello, the major theme of jealousy is apparent. The tragedy Othello focuses on the doom of Othello and the other major characters as a result of jealousy. In Shakespeare’s Othello, jealousy is portrayed through the major characters of Iago and Othello. It utterly corrupts their lives because it causes Iago to show his true self, which in turn triggers Othello to undergo an absolute conversion that destroys the lives of their friends. Othello represents how jealousy, particularlyRead MoreOthello Essay - Jealousy794 Words   |  4 PagesShakespearean plays jealousy usually plays a considerable role in the causing the tragedy. Shakespeare shows great understanding in human nature and human tendencies. One aspect of human nature that he has a lot of insight on is jealousy. Shakespeare understands jealousy well, and is able to illustrate how jealousy can bring out the worst in people. In Othello , it is clear that in law relationships will fail because jealousy makes both parties of the relationship act evil. In addition, jealousy can causeRead MoreJealousy In Othello Essay758 Words   |  4 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello, the Moorish general in the Italian army, Othello, tragically downfalls due to jealousy. Othello has recently married Desdemona, and Iago being jealous that Cassio, the local drunk, got offered the position of lieutenant over himself, decides to disrupt Othello and Desdemona ’s new marriage. Iago’s plan includes getting Cassio drunk and in a fight, so that Othello will not want him as lieutenant anymore. Then Iago will convince Cassio to go to Desdemona, soRead MoreTheme Of Jealousy In Othello1102 Words   |  5 PagesThe Mediterranean Sea of Jealousy Harriet Williams delves into the waters of jealousy and deceit in Oliver Parker’s Othello.Adapting Shakespeare for the screen can be problematic, as Oliver Parker discovered with his 1995 directing debut, Othello. Portraying the actions of a noble Moor who brutally sacrifices his beloved wife over a strategically placed handkerchief, or Justifying Iago, whose evil manoeuvrings create an irrevocable wreckage out of the lives of at least six people, all because heRead MoreTheme Of Jealousy In Othello979 Words   |  4 Pages Jealousy and betrayal are two words that often go hand in hand, especially in a relationship. In a relationship, the act of envy usually leads to betrayal when a person is being attentive of the other’s success and achievements. These type of relationships always have unpleasant endings that can be as bad as claiming the lives of innocent people around them. This shows how jealousy, betrayal, revenge can negatively impact people’s lives and ca n lead to a series of tragedies in the life of a hero

Essay about A Better Solution to the Underage Drinking...

A Better Solution to the Underage Drinking Problem Recently, the issue of underage drinking has become a major problem for our society. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2009), about 10.4 million young people between ages 12 and 20 have drank more than â€Å"just a few sips† of alcohol. Moreover, 5,000 people under the age of 21 die each year in alcohol-related deaths including car crashes, homicides, and other injuries such as falls (NIAAA, 2009). When adolescents go out to drink, they often cause a problem. Alcohol abuse is a significant problem among young people and a solution needs to be found. I believe that there are two approaches to dealing with this issue: many governments have created new,†¦show more content†¦Some experts examined wine-drinking cultures such as those in Italy, France and Spain for hints on how to handle alcohol policy better (The Statistical Assessment Service, 2005). In these cultures, alcohol is part of a meal and children learn to drink with their pare nts from a very early age. Therefore, children can learn to take responsibility for their decision of drunkenness. Although these cultures have high rates of daily drinking, rates of binging and other alcohol problems have, historically, been low (STATS, 2005). Alcohol itself is viewed as a neutral substance; it is drunkenness and not drinking that is seen as the problem. In contrast, northern drinking cultures typically have lower rates of daily drinking but higher rates of binging, alcohol-related problems and complete abstinence (STATS, 2005). The U.S. and Japan has generally followed the northern pattern. Although this solution will take a long time and a lot of effort, it hopes that cases of underage drinking will decrease. Indeed, government officials should consider a change of the legal drinking age immediately. In todays society teenage alcoholism is a very serious problem that needs to be addressed more. While the problem of underage drinking cannot be solved in a day or two, there are two approaches I think work well. As the result of stricter penalties remains unclear, governments should certainlyShow MoreRelatedMinimum Legal Drinking Age ( Tietjen )1700 Words   |  7 PagesLegal Drinking Age On July 17 of 1984 President Ronald Reagan signed to make the National Minimum Drinking Age Act a law. This law required all states to have a minimum drinking age of 21, if a state did not comply with this law they could face up to a 10% cut in funding for their federal highways (Tietjen). Since this act became a law there has been two distinct sides arguing whether they agree with the minimum drinking age, or whether they disagree. One side believes having a minimum drinking ageRead MoreUnderage Drinking Essay711 Words   |  3 PagesUnderage drinking has always been a problem and its only getting worse more and more throughout the years. Underage drinking impacts many people and the situation that they have easy access, alcohol can cause health issues, and also that children don’t know the affects and consequences of underage drinking is a real problem in todays society. Thus, underage drinking is a problem that requires a good solution to solve this problem. To start off, raising prices can be a reasonable solution forRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On The Prevention Of Underage Drinking1280 Words   |  6 PagesIII. Suggestions of a possible solution a. Education i. Nature. What, specifically, is the plan? Not only does family play a significant role in the prevention of underage drinking, so does education. The plan is to get more schools involved in teaching youth about the potential risks associated with underage and irresponsible drinking habits. ii. Strengths. In what ways would this plan effectively fulfill the requirements or criteria of a solution, that is make notable progress in the directionRead MoreAdolescent, Pre Teen And Under Age Drinking Essay1341 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent, Pre-Teen and Under Age Drinking Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the serious problems and concerns associated with adolescent, pre-teen and underage drinking. Central Idea: Three things that my audience will learn about adolescent, pre-teen, underage drinking are as follows: Risk Factors that may cause underage alcohol use and abuse, Prevention of underage alcohol use and abuse, and the Benefits of not participating in underage alcohol use and abuse. I. Introduction: CONFUSION†¦FORGETFULLNESS†¦ARGUMENITIVENESS†¦LOSSRead More Lowering the Drinking Age Appears to be Best Solution Essay1627 Words   |  7 PagesLowering the Drinking Age Appears to be Best Solution Despite offering many solutions to the ongoing problem of underage drinking, there seems to be no chance for a law to pass that will lower the drinking age. Pete Coors of Coors Brewing Co. ran for senator in the Colorado election and campaigned that he was not pushing to lower the drinking age, however many of his quotes are not consistent with this point of view. No matter what the ultimate decision is for the drinking age, fake IDs and parentsRead MoreProblem And Solution Of Underaged Drinking1553 Words   |  7 PagesKendra Gallos English III Sean Meisner 4/6/17 Problem and Solution of Underaged Drinking in America One of the major problems facing America s youth today is underaged drinking. This is simply defined as the consumption of any commercial alcoholic beverage while under the legal age restriction of twenty one. A solution is in dire need, as the problem causes exponential harm to many teen’s health. Underaged drinking has been the underlying cause of numerous fatalities over the past several decadesRead MoreSolutions for Lowering Alcohol Consumption Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pagesoff, things did not look like they were going to get any better for John. Once again, the reckless drunk driver caught everyone’s attention; everyone except the young lady crossing a street while on her phone. Before she knew it, the white Sudan came at her at eighty miles per hour. The young lady was not the only one who lost her life to a drunk driving incident, Joe passed away as well. Johnny had no self-control when it came to drinking, â€Å"drunkenness includes slurred speech, drowsiness and,Read MoreLowering the Drinking Age from 21 Would be Irresponsible Essay577 Words   |  3 PagesLowering the drinking age from 21 would be irresponsible. People argue that lowering the drinking age is not smart because most youths still have not yet reached a mature age to handle alcohol. Teens that include themselves in an unsafe environment are likely to endure in self-harm and encounter in binge drinking. The Alcohol Policy Information System says, â€Å"Annually, about 5,000 youth under the age of 21 die in incidents due to underage drinking† (â€Å"Drinking†). I believe the drinking age shouldRead MoreThe Best Solution For Underage Drinking763 Words   |  4 PagesWhat should be done about this problem? What is the best solution for underage drinking in America? We often hear about drinking and driving but we hardly hear about the other harmful ef fect of drinking especially when it comes to underage drinking. There should be revamp of educate in today youth of harmful effect of underage drinking. Not own should it be taught in middle just as sex educating is being taught. You may ask why at such a young age? Why not, at this age kids are very seccpetable ageRead MoreThe National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 Is Not Working738 Words   |  3 PagesIt’s not working. The NMDA, National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, which states that people under the age of 21 can’t consume or purchase alcohol, has only served to heighten the problem that is currently being faced. The only realistic way to make real progress while reversing the negative effect the NMDA act has had and is having is to abolish the NMDA act and introduce a new act that establishes different phases to introduce alcohol to minors. In essence, the purpose of the NMDA act was to

Us Economy After the Civil War Free Essays

MSS220 US Economy After the Civil War The north and the south both experienced a slight struggle after the Civil War concerning agriculture, commerce and the state of the economy. A southern newspaper out of Augustus County, The Staunton Spectator, offered several articles that gave insight as to what the conditions were like after the war had ended. One article, â€Å"Grape Culture† explained the possible profit one could obtain by adding grapes to their normal crops. We will write a custom essay sample on Us Economy After the Civil War or any similar topic only for you Order Now Grapes were extremely expensive when fully grown since they were used mostly for wine. Although farmers were not skilled enough to make the wine themselves, they could sell the grapes and make a total of 400-500 dollars per acre after purchasing seeds for less than 100 dollars. This article shows that most agriculture in the south was not as profitable as it was before the war. The push to increase agricultural revenue shows that this was a time of struggle. Another article, â€Å"Our Town and Its Business† stated that the farmers had been doing well and making some profit despite the poor conditions that followed the war. It described the south as thriftier than ever, with more energy and industry than they had before the war. The article â€Å"Home Industry† pushed the notion of making their own products at home in the south rather than supporting the north and sending away for household items. Both articles seemed optimistic and supported the idea that southern industry would become stronger in the future. The Valley Spirit was a newspaper from the north in Franklin County, whose articles provided the same insights. One article â€Å"The Coming Crops of this Country† explained that the year before had not been very profitable but that in the coming harvest, conditions were ideal. The crops would have a much higher yield than the year before, leading to much more revenue for northern farmers. This article shows the northerners had high hopes for larger profits than the preceding year and for agricultural prosperity. Another article â€Å"Business in Chambersburg† urged farmers to do their business locally rather than in larger cities. Buying produce from local stores costs just as much as it did in the larger cities . It was also heaper to buy products in bulk from the local stores since discounts were given when products were bought in larger quantities. Again, the article shows that saving money was of high interest to the northerners and that local support was needed. Both newspapers show that the economy all over the country was not as strong as it was before the war. They both seem to focus on the increase of agricultural profit, saving money and an optimistic outlook on the future. Though the articles showed that the north and south did not want to support each other, it was obvious that they were going through the same struggles. How to cite Us Economy After the Civil War, Essay examples

Healthcare policy Family planning

Question: Describe the significance of family planning as a public health policy, theoretical principles with respect to formulation of policies, social determinants of family planning, legal aspects of family planning in UK and implications of family planning on the public health outcome. Answer: The core concept of public health policy can be explained as a process that include identification of a particular public health related issue and designing of a public health policy with emphasis on health policy analysis, health policy making and its subsequent implementation. Being retrospective or prospective in nature the task of policy analysis is found to be connected with identification, accessibility and commitment of the related stakeholders. Hence in accordance to the assignment requirement criteria the issue of family planning as been selected as the main agenda with respect to a public health policy whereby the initial segment of this assignment shall concentrate on the theoretical principles in this respect (Orme, 2007). On the introductory ground it is justified to mention that the issues particularly ideological belief and values, economic situation of the target community, political stability of the target location are the key players with respect to development of a public health policy. Additionally it is also important to highlight that contribution of evidence based research is of significance importance in this respect. However the issues related with stakeholders of the policy particularly that are connected with the statutory, charitable and commercial organizations also form the key components with respect to designing of a public health policy. The above mentioned facts are true for the public health policy associated with family planning (Popejoy and Akukwe, 2013). The emergence of the concept of family planning can be linked with the occurrence of uncontrolled fertility with a continuously increasing population size at a global scale. Hence family planning can be explained as a helping hand to guide the individuals in terms of having desired number of children. Family planning being a significant part of the healthcare system implementation of public health policies associated with family planning are highly essential ("U.K. Population (2016) - Worldometers", 2016). Citing the country example of United Kingdom it is observed that due to the increasing trend of population public health policies are developed in alignment with family planning. An insight into the population size of the United Kingdom data reveal that the total population of the country as per 1st January 2016 is 65039319 with an increase of 0.56% compared to the population size of the previous year. Also the present population of UK contribute to 0.88% of the total world populat ion. It was further estimated that about 81.5% of the total population of this country are inhabitants of the urban locations ("United Kingdom (UK) population 2016 | Current population of United Kingdom (UK)", 2016). Focussing on the key advantages of family planning the issues of effective birth control rate, improved health of the mothers, elimination of early or late pregnancies and better health of the children can be underlined. The steep increase in external migration rates and high birth rate compared to death rate are considered as the causal factor behind the population rise of the United Kingdom. Hence from the above mentioned data it is clearly understood that family planning is the main agenda for development of a public health policy in order to control the exceeding population growth of the Unite Kingdom.It is further important to understand the ineffectiveness of public health policies do not fulfil the key requirements of controlling the population size.These public health policies create a general awareness within the population with respect to healthcare issues.Teenage pregnancies are one of the key concerned of public health policies in this respect (Family Planning, 2007). A number of models have been designed for the purpose of designing and development of policies. The incrementalist model which is a descriptive model can be cited as one of the policy formulation model whereby only the changes or alterations have least possibilities are considered. The application of the above mentioned policy formulation model is evident in the policies that are designed with a purpose to embed a change through a gradual process and decision making is one of the major components of this model. On the other hand the mixed scanning model finds its application in consideration to all the available options prior focussing on a particular option(Fischer, Miller Sidney, 2007). The Hall Model, conceived in the year 1975 has been considered as one of the frequently implemented model for development of a healthcare policy. According to the principles of this cited model the issues like legitimacy, feasibility and support are considered to be important. The legal right of Go vernment intervention highlight the legitimacy issue while the availability of the subjects, funds and other resources are included under the domain of feasibility. The Kingdon model conceived in 1984 in contrast to Halls model has elaborated the importance of three streams namely problem stream, politics stream and policy stream to develop a window of opportunities. Later in the year 1994 Walt and Gilson designed a policy triangle model whereby both policy making and policy implementation are mutually interlinked. In the year 1990 Thomas and Grindle conceived another policy formulation model known as the interactive model whereby negotiations are permissible in all the stages during the implementation of this particular model (Fischer, Miller Sidney, 2007). Discussing the issue of public health policy it is essential to highlight that the Hall Model of policy formulation own a significant amount of rationality. This particular model has been considered to be effective because the theoretical principles of this model has well complimented with the underlying factors of family planning. However as family planning is play a pivotal role on the social scenario the intervention of government can be considered to be one of the priority addressing this issue. Apart from this as the practice of family planning can be identified as one of the potential targets towards the population the availability of technological resources the aspect of feasibility can be considered as an important aspect. . Last but not the least in accordance to the theoretical principles of Halls model of policy development it is logical to convey that for the effective implementation of a family planning related public health policy the support and participation of the co mmon public is required. Therefore it can be rightly stated that the public health policy addressing the issue of family planning can be designed in light of Halls Model as all the above three factors are available in this respect (Buse, Mays Walt, 2005). Considering the social determinant of family planning as a part of public health policy the factors like legal guidelines, human rights, education, norms of society, culture, religion and economic condition of the society can be considered. Hence in order to maintain the operational efficacy of family planning it is required to incorporate educational policies. The emphasis towards providing sex education services, evidence based sexual health information and counseling can be considered as effective tools of family planning. A significant level of disparity is evident in issues related to the outcomes of family planning practices. The conflict of interests and lack of knowledge regarding the benefits and positive consequences of family planning practices can be brought into attention (SathyanarayanaRaoet al., 2012). The intervention of various religious beliefs is also evident in this context. The example of beliefs of Roman Catholics can be cited in this respect as according to their beliefs it is against the law o nature to practice abortion and artificial contraception ("Religion as a Social Determinant of Public Health", 2016). One of the major challenges of family planning services can be associated with the accessibility issues of such service. It is evident that presence of shallow knowledge regarding family planning services particularly within the population of lower social strata and the minority group are the major restrains towards acceptance of family planning practices. However in this context it is justified to state that the poverty stricken segment of the society is mainly deprived from the access to the family planning and contraception services. Moreover the immigrants populations that comprise a major segment of the population of the United Kingdom also have limited access the public health policy of family planning. The major barriers in this respect are language and insurance cover. Hence according to the legal guidelines formulated under the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996 the prohibitions have been implied to limit the access to the publicly financed health care by the immigrants during first five years of their stay in the country. However under such a social scenario the immigrant population is only allowed to obtain the facility of Emergency Medicaid only for acute illness and obstetrical deliveries. Health inequality due to racism and ethnicity are also present as social barriers to family planning whereby the Black and the Hispanic women population are affected (Hall, Johnson and Dalton, 2013). Under the initiatives of the World Health Organization or WHO countries are adapting to evidence based approach of family planning. The above mentioned initiative has been pursued by WHO in collaboration with the United Nations Population Fund (UNPF), the International Planned Parenthood federation European Network, European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health etc ("Contraception", 2016). In order to promote positive sexual health of the population the administrative body of the United Kingdom has published the Framework for Sexual health Improvement in the year 2013, the Health and Social Care Bill was sanctioned in 2012. The example of Sexual Health and wellbeing action plan for Wales 2010-2015 can also be cited to address the above mentioned issue. Hence from the above cited examples it is justified to mention that the governing body of the United Kingdom has given considerable emphasis in promotion of public health through implementation of family planning practices("Sexual health across the UK | FPA", 2016). In context of discussing the significant aspects of family planning this can be represented as one of the major achievement that has improved the public health condition of the society. It is need les to mention that family planning practices has also gained huge scale acceptance on the global platform as it is one of the most effective tool in controlling the global population (Darge, 2009). The awareness of general public towards contraceptive and allied reproductive services, patient education, breast and pelvic investigation, screening of the breast and cervical cancer and diagnosis of pregnancy services can be considered to have immensely contributed improving the overall health condition of the global population. ("Family Planning | Healthy People 2020", 2016). Prevention of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through education, counselling and medical investigation can be enlisted as the other positive health outcomes by incorporation of family planning services as a part of public health policy (McVeigh, Homburg Guillebaud, 2008). Family planning is also found to contribute in the reduction of unintended pregnancies that are subsequently associated with negative health outcome and social discrimination. The negative or undesired health outcomes that are brought along with unintended pregnancies are delay in prenatal care, lowered chances of breastfeeding resulting in compromise with the infants health, chances of maternal depression and increased risk of physical violence during pregnancy period(Look et al., 2011). Additionally the other negative consequences like birth defects and low birth weight are also associated with unintended pregnancy that is also effectively inhibited through the implementation of family planning system. The above mentioned negative health outcomes that affect the health of both mother and the child can be restricted to a considerable extent through the implementation of family planning system. Hence it can be stated that family planning not only offers a number of positive outcomes with respect to public health but also serve to minimise the occurrence of negative health outcomes. Therefore to conclude it is justified to mention that family planning can be considered as an effective approach to restrict mother-child transmission of HIV, lowering of infant and maternal morbidity rate, lowering the number of abortion cases and also contribute to birth spacing(Tsuiet al., 2010). To conclude in it justified to state that family planning is one of the most significant part of public health policy and the governing body of the United Kingdom has given considerable amount of emphasis to this issue. Although there are certain social, cultural and religious issue that are found to be associated with the practice of family planning and contraception but majority of the population are observed to accept this process. Hence family planning contributes positively towards the public health outcomes and also indirectly helps in improving the overall economic situation of the nation. References: Buse, K., Mays, N., Walt, G. (2005).Making health policy. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Contraception.(2016). Euro.who.int. Retrieved 31 March 2016, from https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/Life-stages/sexual-and-reproductive-health/activities/contraception Darge, R. (2009). Determinants of Family Planning Behaviour among Married Women in the Amhara Regional State: A Social-Psychological Approach. Eth. J. Dev. Res., 29(2). Family Planning | Healthy People 2020.(2016). Healthypeople.gov. Retrieved 31 March 2016, from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/family-planning Family Planning. (2007). Retrieved from https://www.open.edu/openlearnworks/pluginfile.php/71945/mod_resource/content/1/Family_Planning.lo.pdf Fischer, F., Miller, G., Sidney, M. (2007).Handbook of public policy analysis. Boca Raton: CRC/Taylor Francis. Hall, K., Johnson, T. and Dalton, V. (2013). Social and demographic disparities in preventive family planning service use among adult women in the United States. Contraception, 88(3), p.467. Look, P., Heggenhougen, K., Quah, S. (2011). Sexual and reproductive health. San Diego: Academic Press. McVeigh, E., Homburg, R., Guillebaud, J. (2008).Oxford handbook of reproductive medicine and family planning. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Orme, J. (2007). Public health for the 21st century. Maidenhead, Berkshire, England: Open University Press. Popejoy, M., Akukwe, C. (2013).Global public health policy. New York: Nova Science. Religion as a Social Determinant of Public Health.(2016). Google Books. Retrieved 31 March 2016, from https://books.google.co.in/books?id=lPs_BAAAQBAJpg=PA181lpg=PA181dq=social+determinants+of+public+health+policy+on+family+planningsource=blots=eKPTzXf8wjsig=ul0ZbpFHAkvJDBHmWVNfHyPabRMhl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwi32LfsnerLAhWOjo4KHYRMBiYQ6AEIUjAG#v=onepageq=social%20determinants%20of%20public%20health%20policy%20on%20family%20planningf=false Sexual health across the UK | FPA.(2016). Fpa.org.uk. Retrieved 31 March 2016, from https://www.fpa.org.uk/influencing-sexual-health-policy/sexual-health-across-uk Tsui, A., McDonald-Mosley, R., Burke, A. (2010).Family Planning and the Burden of Unintended Pregnancies.Epidemiologic Reviews, 32(1), 152-174. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxq012 U.K. Population (2016) - Worldometers.(2016). Worldometers.info. Retrieved 31 March 2016, from https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/uk-population/ United Kingdom (UK) population 2016 | Current population of United Kingdom (UK).(2016). Countrymeters.info. Retrieved 31 March 2016, from https://countrymeters.info/en/United_Kingdom_(UK)

A Dollhouse, Acts Ii Iii Essay Example

A Dollhouse, Acts Ii Iii Essay Example A Dollhouse, Acts Ii Iii Essay A Dollhouse, Acts Ii Iii Essay Story: A Dollhouse, Acts II III Author: Henrik Ibsen Topic: What is Nora most â€Å"wonderful thing of all†? In what does Nora think that she and Torvald did not have her â€Å"most wonderful thing†? There are wonderful things that we all had to face in our lives. Some were for our own good and some was not. But through it all, we have learned from it. In acts II and III of â€Å"A Dollhouse†, the author, Henrik Ibsen, shows how Nora speaks several times of her â€Å"most wonderful thing of all†. What is her â€Å"most wonderful thing† and what ways that Nora and Torvald did not have them â€Å"most wonderful thing†? In Act Two the word wonderful is again repeated three times: NORA: â€Å"A wonderful thing is about to happen. MRS. LINDE: Wonderful? NORA: Yes, a wonderful thing. But also terrible, Christine, and it just cant happen, not for all the world† (1903; II. 341-343). This means something terrible, which must not happen, not for the entire world. What does this word mean? In act II, the Christmas tree that Nora decorated now is stripped bare. The toys and presents have disappeared all the emblems of material happiness. It is also in this act that Torvald tells Nora how he has the inner strength to take on whatever Krogstad may threaten; that Rank, â€Å"reveals the depth of his love for Nora† (1899; II. 220). Krogstad and Nora, in a deep and searching intimate dialogue share their contemplation to commit suicide. Nora reveals the wonderful thing that is now about to happen. That wonderful is what she imagines will be the terrible but heroic inner drama where, to prevent Torvald from taking the blame for her crime, she will at last find the courage for suicide. What ways that Nora and Torvald did not have her â€Å"most wonderful thing†? At the climax of the play in act III, when Torvald reads the first letter Krogstad sent, his reaction to this is inappropriate. Those sweet endearing pet names Torvald calls Nora turn into the opposite †¦ â€Å"She who was my joy and pride, a hypocrite, a liar, worse, a criminal† (1913; III. 236). It is at this moment that Nora realizes that there is a problem between her and Torvald. She confesses she is not fit to bring up her children and Torvald is the last person to teach or guide her how to, for he and her father have most encouraged her to live in fantasy; an inauthentic doll existence, â€Å"bearing three children with a stranger†(1919; III. 348). The marriage could only be regained if the wonderful were to happen. This time, the idea of the wonderful means an existential transformation of the human way of living in the world. The relationship with Torvald and Nora was not a healthy relationship. Because Torvald thinks of his wife as a possession and as someone to keep up his appearance, Nora is unable to confide in him. Nora realizes this at the end of the play that Helmer does not love her as a person. I think in a way that this is a â€Å"wonderful thing of all† to Nora. This situation has open her eyes to see that she deserves better than Helmer and that she can do better by being independent. Ibsen, Henrik. â€Å"A Dollhouse, Acts II III†. Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. Ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. 8th ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, 2007. 1874-1891.

Canadas Aid to Third World Co essays

Canada's Aid to Third World Co essays Canada's Aid to Third World Countries In the following Eassy I will state my position on, What are some of the major problems faced by "Third World" Countries today, Who should be held responsible for these problems, Why, What has Canada done to help "Third World Countries", And should Canada increase foreign1 aid to "Third World Countries". There has always been a dominant country in the world that sets the economic standard throughout powerful countries. Canada has always been a top rated economic country, usually behind the United States and other large Commonwealth countries. Starting back in the early to mid 60's, Prime Minister of Canada, Pierre Trudeau decided to use Canadian revenue as foreign aid. These included "Third World". Some of the major problems faced by "Third World" countries today include poor towns which have had a lack of food sources due to the serious poverty, lack of clean drinking water, lack of good sanitation systems, lack of good living conditions, lack of jobs and there is no industry, therefore no import or export revenue. The governments of the "Third World" countries have done horrible jobs of creating good living conditions for their people and in all have not tried to bring their country out of their economic slump. As Canada entered it second century, Prime Minister Trudeau called for a complete review of Canada's foreign policy. Starting in 1968 interested Canadians including politicians, journalists, professors, business leaders, financial experts, as well as church and labour leaders were invited to offer opinions and advice in what was called the Trudeau Review. The ending of this meeting brought about six foreign policy booklets which outlined Some of these benefits the benefits of Canadian foreign aid. included to help the Canadian economy grow stronger, to keep Canada independent, to work for peace and security, to promote fairne...

Bio-ethics paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bio-ethics paper - Essay Example Reproducible-Lastly, the test should be able to be reproduced by other researchers. Using this elements to determine the issue of sixteen year old who eats French fries three times a week which makes him or her gain more weight than the one who eats the French fries twice a week, it is clear that the one who consumes the French fries three times a week has higher chances of increasing body weight because she or he will have much fats and proteins in the body than the one who eats them twice a week. This is because it has been shown that a lot of fats and proteins in the body lead to increase in body weight. Gestational surrogacy is the act through which there is an independent adoption or arrangement that involves a woman accepting to carry and deliver a baby for another woman. Gestational surrogacy is not baby selling because the woman who accepts to carry the baby for another woman provides the uterus where the ova and sperm are planted in order to fertilize. Therefore, when she gives birth, it is not her baby since the ovum that was fertilized belonged to another woman. In this case, she only plays the role of a carrier. Gestational surrogate motherhood is not bad since it gives a chance to couples who had difficulty in having babies get babies. Arguing from intuitionism perspective, it is important to ask to what extent people should be concerned about commodification or exploitation when they are requested to be paid so as to carry babies for other women especially in areas where there are large power and wealth differentials between intended surrogates and parents. In addition, it is important to look at the societal rights if they grant women authority to enter into contracts about the use of their bodies. A Person has the right to make decisions about how to use his or her body thus contracting for surrogacy is not bad if the person

Occupational Safety and Health Administration Essay

Occupational Safety and Health Administration - Essay Example As the best precaution to be taken against health and environmental hazards, the following steps would be taken into consideration: Recognition and Identification of the Surrounding Hazards and Risks: - This is, in fact, the first and initial step that I have to undertake in order to establish a safe and risk-free environment. It is also the most important step in the program of safety awareness. Wayne Hebertson, in â€Å"The Practical Safety Guide†, once said that the first step in the process of safety implementation is Identification of Hazards and assessment of risks (Cardenas, Para, 2). I will immediately take the time to review the current condition of the organization and that of the employees. This will enhance identification of the places that need changes, and then initiate the implantation process (Gregory, 97). I will introduce a program where the employees and the employers share a responsibility in understanding and practicing proper hazards and risk management. Normally, it is good for a person to use his or her knowledge to practice proper safety measures. I would recommend the employer to provide the employees with proper and safer working condition (Cardenas, Para, 2). In addition, I will try as much as possible to explore the current and new ideas in all sections concerning safety matters and check for better approaches to safety. This will be achieved through a safety program that contains effective safety procedures and processes, employees training and checklists (Gregory, 101).

Medical law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Medical law - Essay Example Therefore a breach of duty has also occurred and what this means is that the expressed or implied contract between this doctor and patient has been violated (Brooten 1987, p. 1). For example when Dr. Evil failed to read any of the instructions about the medication that he prescribed to the patient he violated the contract of duty between himself and the patient. This shows extreme negligence on his part and the tort law that covers this area would define this as being valid and providing burden of proof. Due to the fact that negligence has become such a profound problem within the field of medicine in the UK in the past decade the tort laws have become very strict on the specific care of patients as well. Therefore, in today’s society, it is found that the GP’s duty is fundamentally suppose to provide reasonable and dignified care, skill and judgement in the basic practice of his or her profession and when negligence does appear then they are suppose to take full responsibility for the adverse outcomes placed onto the patient in their care. Dr. Evil will thereby have to answer for wrongfully not following the guidelines that were implied in the drug combination he gave to his patient. This case is somewhat similar to Adderly v. Bremner which defined the GP in this case as being negligent in not having changed syringes to vaccinate 38 patients. What occurred instead was the GP used one main needle for every two patients which promoted the idea of liability onto this GP. This is due to the fact that some of the patients were infected with septicaemia (blood poisoning) due to this judgemental error by the attending GP. It also defines the fact that the GP did not provide the required standard of care that was expected of him by the patients. In retrospect it would seem that any reasonable GP would have in fact changed the syringes after each patient to avoid the adverse consequences which

Examining The Changing Media Scene In India Media Essay

Examining The Changing Media Scene In India Media Essay INTRODUCTION The media scene in India is changing very fast, especially in the past decade. On one hand, new media are emerging and affecting the existing ones. On the other hand, the consumption patterns of the media users are also undergoing a lot of transformations. Post independence, the development of media was rather slow and unexciting. For twenty five years after independence, the growth of media such as print, cinema and radio followed a gradual and uneventful path, progressing slowly and steadily. Pressures of urbanization, growing literacy and development in technology did not affect the media significantly. The scenario was such a sad one that neither inter nor intra- media competition existed. This obviously translated into the fact that there was no strategy or planning on the part of the media. Essentially media marketing itself was an alien concept for most of the newspaper owners and the sole television operator Doordarshan. The first strains of change on this static environment were observed in the early eighties. These changes were introduced through technology: the development of grafting techniques in press and in electronics. The implications were two fold. On the first level, the reach of media was expanded and on the second level, the people were given more choice. Introduction of glossies among print titles, the expansion of the television network, establishing a radio commercial channel suddenly made life more exciting and entertaining for the vast majority of the urbanites. It was now, for the first time, that audiences were getting segmented by the titles introduced, new markets were opening up and a large number of people were coming under the media exposure. Another interesting fact during this time was the development of a new relationship between the media and the audiences. Media patterns changed once again when sponsored programs on television became a regular feature. This initiative, along with the development and popularity of home videos changed the entire equation. People stopped frequenting cinemas, since the same films were conveniently available at home. Magazine readership also declined in favor of videos. Television, however, maintained its regular set of viewers during the period. It became a veritable obsession with the people. Programs such as the Mahabharat and the Ramayan were the opium of the masses. Now, television delivered important audience segments such as women, the rural affluent and children. At about the same time, easy access to technology and developing markets pushed publishers to add on new editions as well as supplements. THE GLOBAL BEGINNING Another change in the media environment came with the Invasion of the Skies in the early nineties. Satellite television found its way into India through CNN and the Star Network during the Gulf War. The monopoly of Doordarshan came to an end and there were multiple channels, giving the Indian viewer a choice of programs he had never been exposed to before. This, needless to say, introduced heavy competition among the channels and thus the programs contents also improved. Finally, Doordarshan had to deal with the fact that it was not the king of the skies any more: for the first time in India, the television viewer had the choice of deciding what to watch from over 50 channels. Faced with heavy competition, it had to revamp and introduce new channels in the metros and in regional areas. The competition became intense even within the satellite television players with the influx of regional channels and more and more international quality programming. It was realized that only those players who can adopt a market-savvy, strategic approach to differentiate their programming from the rest shall be able survive the media jungle. Developments in wireless technologies and their decreasing costs have created opportunities for faster deployment of telecommunications services. This speed is critical for developing countries especially in rural areas, as the role of telecommunications in development is more significant for them. The uptake of wireless technologies has been rapid in most developing countries. For the most part, these have been cellular networks that operate in the licensed bands. The unparalleled growth of mobile service (operating in licensed bands) in almost all countries of the world has been driven by both technology as well as deregulation. While the rapid spread of such networks is unprecedented, it has so far been limited to urban and semi-urban areas. Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE): It is considered to be one of the biggest techno-social communication experiments in education and rural development. The one-year experiment (August 1975 July 1976) aimed to provide direct broadcasting of instructional and educational television in 2400 villages in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and Rajasthan. Over 500 conventional television sets spread over 335 villages in Kheda district, Gujarat was also part of SITE. Satellite technologists had called SITE as leapfrogging from bullock cart stage to satellite communication, which did not discriminate between rural poor and urban rich for information and communication. It had given 50 years communication lead to rural poor of the country. SITE provided telecast for rural primary school children in the age group 5 12 years studying in grades 1-5. Rural adults viewed television programs on improved agricultural practices, health and family planning. They were also able to view news. Television was considered as window to the world. Both quantitative (survey) and qualitative in-depth (anthropological holistic study) evaluation indicated modest gains in some areas, whereas no gain or negative gain in other areas. The one-year duration was thought to be too little for any positive results. Based on the experiences and positive gains, INSAT satellite was launched in 1981. Since then a series of INSAT satellites have been launched and used for nationwide television telecast for education and deve lopment. The sad part is that, in spite of best efforts, satellite television has been used for entertainment more than rural development. The other research says that access to satellite TV is of surprising value to the lives of rural Indian women and villagers in general. School enrolment among girls, family planning, hygiene, awareness about diseases and many more such milestones have been achieved by the electronic media. The newly wired women also has become less accepting of spousal abuse, a bias in favor of having boys declined, and they look more likely to be able to spend money without a husbands permission. However, shows on satellite TV tend to focus on urban areas, where womens status is higher and are shown leading extravagant lifestyles. The rural people are not able to associate with those programs and shows. Customization as per rural needs has recently begun and has been appreciated even by the urban crowd. People are getting exposed to a set of attitudes that are more liberal, that are more favorable toward women, and they are changing their minds in response to that. Change is inevitable. Government h as taken initiatives to start many such programs to generate awareness, some ran for years, others could never come out of papers and the rest bombed after the take off. Few project initiatives were: Project Project Partners Outcomes Country wide classrooms UGC, CEC and 17 other universities where media centers are located 10,000 programs produced and telecast on National TV till date School Television in India CIET and 6 state Institutes of Educational Technology Programs produced and run on national TV till date Gyan Darshan HRD, IB, Prasar Bharti, IGNOU The program runs 24 hrs and is handled by IGNOU Gyan Vani Reached out to backward communities, distant education and counseling Namma Dhwani (voices) UNESCO Educational and development oriented informal programs Gujarat Community Radio Kutch Mahila Vikas Sangathan, DMC, Ahmedabad Non- formal education and social issues, esp. for women Jhabua Development Communication Program ISOR, GoMP Literacy, health and non- formal education, watershed management RADIO AS A MEDIUM Radio, as a mass medium, is particularly suited to communicate in the local dialect and idiom, thereby establishing a personal connection between the broadcaster and the listener. That has not, however, been achieved in India because of the bureaucratic stranglehold on radio. Development, as a process meant to empower the poor, reduce exploitation, and oppression by those having economic, social, and political power. It also means an equitable sharing of resources, improved health care and education for all. One of the major components and driving force of rural development is communication. Conventionally, communication includes electronic media, human communication now information technology (IT). All forms of communications have dominated the development scene in which its persuasive role has been most dominant within the democratic political framework of the country. Persuasive communication for rural development has been given highest priority for bringing about desirable socia l and behavioral change among the most vulnerable rural poor and women. Initially, the approach lacked gender sensitivity and empathy of the communicators and development agents who came from urban elite homes. Added to these constraints is political will that still influences the pace and progress of rural development. Communication has been seen by a large number of development planners as a panacea for solving major social ills and problems. Apart from development, the introduction of communication in the educational process for open and distance learning is seen as step towards improving the quality of education and bridging the social and educational gap (Agrawal 1993). However, experience indicates that those rich who could afford to have access to private resources have hogged the advantage whether development or education. In this respect, it seems that communication technology has, in no way has helped the poor for improving their socio-economic condition. ALL INDIA RADIO (AIR) India presents huge challenges to any broadcasting institution that aspires to serve the whole nation. All India Radio (AIR), the state-run monopoly, was expected to take these challenges on and help build a modern nation state with an egalitarian social democracy. Approximately 303 news bulletins are aired daily, of which 93 are intended for national listeners, whereas regional stations originate 135 news bulletins daily. In addition, there are special bulletins on sports, youth, and other major events, such as the annual Haj to Mecca by Muslims or the Kumbh Mela in Allahabad. More than 80 stations in the AIR network broadcast radio dramas in various languages. Forty percent of the broadcast time, however, is set aside for classical, light, folk, and film music. The External Service, set up to act as a cultural ambassador, airs 65 news bulletins in 16 foreign and eight Indian languages. In addition, magazine programs on sports and literature; talk shows on sociopolitical-economic is sues; and classical, folk, and modern Indian music from different regions of the country are broadcast. But the results have not been that healthy, the reasons being many folds. AIRs heavily bureaucratic ways have been the major impediment to innovation and creativity. In a highly pluralistic society with incredible linguistic, caste, and class differences, AIR has attempted not to offend any group. Controversial social and community welfare issues take a back seat while popular film music dominates. Regional language radio stations beam programs to the whole state in a formal dialect, which renders it stiff and official. As a consequence, most people find AIR boring. Radio for Rural Development: Popularly known as Radio Farm Forum, it was one of the earliest efforts in the use of radio for rural development. The experiment was carried out from February to April 1956 in five districts of Maharashtra State by All India Radio (AIR). Rural listener groups were organized, who would listen to radio broadcasts twice a week at 6.30 p.m. for half an hour. The group then stayed together for discussion of what they had heard, the discussion lasted usually, about half an hour. The summative impact evaluation indicated positive outcome of radio rural forum. Impressive knowledge gains as a result of radio listening were reported across illiterates and literates, agriculturists and non-agriculturists, village leaders and others. However, over a period of time the project withered away and could not be operationalized for large-scale implementation in one form or the other. Lack of political will and indifference of bureaucracy killed the rural development proje ct even before it could help poor to take advantage of radio broadcast. Satellite radio for education EDUSAT, according to the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), is the first exclusive satellite for serving the educational sector. The satellite has multiple regional beams covering different parts of India, which theoretically enables programs to be broadcast in relevant local languages EDUSAT can provide connectivity to schools, colleges and higher levels of education and also support non-formal education including developmental communication. But it is a matter of concern that, over a year after the satellite was launched, much of its capacity is lying idle. Community Radio Initiative: In post media liberalization phase, Government of India, announced the policy for community radio broadcasting which was expected to focus on issues relating to education, health, environment, agriculture, rural and community development. In the absence of true community radio in India, a number of NGOs are using innovative methods for non-formal education through audio. School Audio through cable has been in operation in Budhikote village, Karnataka, since January 2002. The School Audio project is a spin-off of the Namma Dhwani cable audio service. In the Kutch region of Gujarat, the Kutch Mahila Vikas Sangathan (KMVS), an independent organization of rural women, focuses on adolescent girls education, basic functional literacy within sangathan members and development of context specific educational curricula on different issues for literates and neo-literates. Shivpuri, MP launched a radio station, Dharkan 107.8 FM, to give educational messages through humor featuring Ms. Adivasi as a difficult mother-in-law arguing against exclusive breastfeeding. Vandana Dube, the stations first manager, helps to produce programs on hygiene, health and the importance of education. She said that listening groups, which have formed throughout the district, are having a major impact. In particular, more women are now contributing to important debates on caste discrimination, female foeticide and female empowerment issues that concern them directly. UNICEF Image CONCLUSION There is no single ideal format for educational radio. Innovative programming offers some very effective approaches to non-formal education over radio. Recently, AIR agreed to a proposal from Sesame Workshop India to provide airtime on national and regional radio channels for locally produced versions of the universally popular Sesame Street. The programs would be aimed at pre-school goers, and would also provide under-served children with access to educational media, especially in rural areas. All the same, it has been amply proved that radio rightly used can improve educational quality and relevance, lower educational costs and improve access to education, particularly for disadvantaged groups. It is most effective when supported by trained facilitators, group learning, group discussion, feedback and the use of multimedia approaches.

My Personal Philosophy of Education Essay -- Education Teachers Reflec

My Personal Philosophy of Education Education is the key to a successful and fulfilling life. The purpose is to give each child an equal opportunity to achieve his or her goals. I believe that the overall purpose of education is to prepare for the future. Education is so important to one’s life that educators cannot merely teach in one manner. To truly teach someone you must dig until you find a way for him or her to completely understand. That’s why I think that teaching is going to be a great challenge everyday. As a teacher I will have a whole classroom full of individuals with different learning styles, different strengths and weaknesses, different attitudes, different lifestyles, and different motivations. Because of this, I will have to use an eclectic mix of approaches and teaching styles. As a teacher I feel it is my responsibility to prepare my students for the inevitable changes that will occur in their lives by instilling confidence and knowledge while presenting myself as a good role model. Teachers play such an important role in a child’s life, sometimes being their only source of encouragement and support. As a teacher, I want to know my students; their personality, learning style, and academic level, so I can meet their needs and create the best learning environment possible. I will bring into the classroom my open-mindedness, my respect for others, my willingness to listen before making decisions, and my love for knowledge. I hope that by ...